Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u suy tho\u00e1i, nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft n\u0103m 2023.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng cho ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9o theo nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3m, nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau thu ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m theo.<\/p>\n
T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c World Semiconductor Trade Statistics d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m 4% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n Vndirect \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh, nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m 15% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb qu\u00fd 2\/2022 n\u00ean d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong kho\u1ea3ng 4.500-5.000 USD\/t\u1ea5nv\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023.<\/p>\n
D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 Sunsirs, t\u00ednh t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y 8\/3\/2023, gi\u00e1 ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang giao d\u1ecbch \u1edf v\u00f9ng 30.750 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/t\u1ea5n, gi\u1ea3m 22,3% so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5\/2022 (39.561 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/t\u1ea5n) v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng ty h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n mi\u1ec1n Nam d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng trong n\u0103m 2023, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh m\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m 25% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2022.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023, nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 x\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i sau khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edf c\u1eeda tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n B\u1ea3o Vi\u1ec7t (BVSC) cho r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00fat l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u x\u00fat sau khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 40- 50% nhu c\u1ea7u. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00fat nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n
Theo ghi nh\u1eadn BVSC, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00fat to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 62% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u; trong \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 44% t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 2020, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u 1,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n x\u00fat, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam thu\u1ed9c Top 10 qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00fat n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c do thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khi chi\u1ebfm 30% gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ngu\u1ed3n cung mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng do th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ea1t mu\u1ed1i l\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u mu\u1ed1i 80.000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2021 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u trung b\u00ecnh 400.000-600.000 t\u1ea5n mu\u1ed1i\/n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Australia, Pakistan v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 70% t\u1ed5ng h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n
Theo quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a BVSC, doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ngo\u00e0i h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t cao \u1edf m\u1ee9c 60%.<\/p>\n
Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc 3 th\u00e1ng n\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn r\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00f9i trong n\u0103m 2023, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n trong n\u0103m 2023 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t khi chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfm 20-30% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Vndirect Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ea3o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2022-2030 sau m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd cao trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Theo k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i cao trong d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n VIII, nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9p cao d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o l\u00e0 9,2% trong n\u0103m 2023-2030.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Vndirect cho r\u1eb1ng bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn g\u1ed9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m trong n\u0103m 2023 do chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n trung b\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Tuy v\u1eady, trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edd c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang. Nh\u01b0 T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ee9c Giang, vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Chlor-alkali-vinyl (CAV) trong n\u0103m 2024 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng doanh thu ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p 25% doanh thu h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed (PVFCCo, m\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n DPM) c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft, PVFCCo v\u1eeba xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u 19.000 t\u1ea5n ure Ph\u00fa M\u1ef9 sang Indonesia. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, PVFCCo ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u0103ng cao.<\/p>\n
S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u1ee7a PVFCCo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kinh doanh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn, kh\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Australia, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Th\u00e1i Lan, \u0110\u00e0i Loan (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), Phillipines\u2026Ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2022 v\u1eeba qua, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m ure xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a PVFCCo \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 190.000 t\u1ea5n, cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00eam y\u1ebft, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda phi\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu DGC c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ee9c Giang c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 51.300 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu CSV c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 27.400 \u0111\u1ed3ng, HVT c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 49.700 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu DPM c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 33.300 \u0111\u1ed3ng.\/.<\/p>\n